What is "new infrastructure"?
Recently, the National Development and Reform Commission clearly defined the scope of the new infrastructure is guided by the new development concept, driven by technological innovation, based on information networks, for high-quality development needs, to provide digital transformation, intelligent upgrading, integrated innovation and other services of the infrastructure system. Specifically, it includes three aspects: information infrastructure, integration infrastructure and innovation infrastructure.
Compared with traditional infrastructure construction, what is new about the new infrastructure? What should we do to push new infrastructure into the fast track? The reporter interviewed the experts concerned.
● Information infrastructure highlights the "new technology", and 5G construction ranks at the forefront
"The information infrastructure is primarily 'technologically new.'" Feng Yuan, deputy director of the Institute of Industrial Economics of the National Industrial Information Security Development Research Center, said that 5G, Internet of Things, industrial Internet, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, big data are a new generation of information technology, relying on these information technologies to evolve, with social publicity, long-term effect, indirect income infrastructure that is information infrastructure.
Taking 5G network as an example, its transmission rate is 10-100 times that of 4G, which can transmit larger data and connect larger devices at high speed and low delay. As an important engine of the digital economy, it is an important support for the development of new industries such as artificial intelligence, industrial Internet, and online economy.
China's 5G commercial development has accelerated, and more than 200,000 5G base stations have been opened. Li Yizhong, president of the China Federation of Industrial Economics, said that it is necessary to vigorously accelerate the progress this year, and 5G communication and base station construction are in the forefront of the key project plans announced by Shanghai, Guangdong and other provinces and cities in 2020.
It should be noted that with the rapid development of 5G, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and other new generation of information technology, the demand for huge computing power will be further improved, and at present, there are nearly 60,000 data centers including general, regional, industry and enterprises in China, which also need to be properly supplemented and integrated. This also makes the data center an important component of the information infrastructure.
Not long ago, China Mobile Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (Huizhou) data center project officially settled in Huizhou Huidong Mooling Industrial Zone. The project plans to invest 5 billion yuan, covers an area of 200 acres, and will provide 32,000 installed capacity after completion, becoming the highest standard data center in the region. "The completion of this data center will enhance the computing capacity required for 5G development in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, meet the demand for network storage throughput in the 5G era, and help high-tech industries such as artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things," said a person in charge of China Mobile.
● Fusion infrastructure focuses on "application of new", innovation infrastructure emphasizes "basic new"
In Feng Yuan's view, the deep application of technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence to the transformation and upgrading of traditional infrastructure, and then the formation of integrated infrastructure, is mainly reflected in the "application of new".
"The digitalization of traditional industries requires the corresponding infrastructure." Taking the transportation industry as an example, Li Yizhong said that more than 8,000 kilometers of expressways were added last year, and the road conditions, signals, and communications of new highways should have higher technical standards, and it is necessary to introduce intelligent network connectivity functions.
At present, a number of areas in China are building "smart highways", on the one hand, by setting up 5G communication technology equipment to support automatic driving, on the other hand, through the road photovoltaic power generation and wireless charging so that electric vehicles can run while charging, at the same time through the deployment of monitoring systems, highways, Bridges can autonomously sense the operating status, and issue safety warnings.
Similar convergence infrastructure is accelerating. A self-driving taxi service has officially opened to the public in Changsha, Hunan province. Users only need to open Baidu Map to enter the taxi service, and then they can issue an order to call the driverless car and experience the self-driving travel service.
The new travel experience comes from a collaborative intelligent transportation technology transformation. Combining new technologies such as the Internet of Things, 5G and artificial intelligence, the road scene is digitized, and the traffic light countdown and road condition perception results are obtained in real time, making the "smart car" and "intelligent road" organically linked. In addition to Changsha, Baidu is carrying out self-driving manned tests in Beijing, Cangzhou and other places.
If the convergence infrastructure focuses on application, then the innovation infrastructure is reflected in the "basic new".
In Feng Yuan's view, innovation infrastructure mainly refers to the infrastructure that supports scientific research, technological development, and product development with public benefit attributes, and its prominent feature is innovation. "Whether it is major science and technology infrastructure or industrial technology innovation infrastructure, it is more biased towards basic science and technology."
Taking major science and technology infrastructure as an example, the "Brain Cognitive Functional Map and brain-like Intelligence Cross Research Platform Project" jointly constructed by the Institute of Automation and the Institute of Biophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was recently held in Huairou, Beijing. After the platform is completed, it will provide a one-stop research platform covering research, technology, simulation, verification and other links in the intersection of brain science and brain-like intelligence, and provide long-term support for promoting the rapid development of China's artificial intelligence industry.
● New infrastructure radiation drive effect is stronger, need scientific planning, classification policy
If the traditional infrastructure construction based on the construction of railways, roads and Bridges is oriented to the industrial economy era, then the new infrastructure construction with information, integration and innovation as the core content is oriented to the digital economy era.
"Compared with traditional infrastructure construction, new infrastructure construction has stronger incremental space and radiation driving effect." Zhou Zhongfeng, director of the Comprehensive Office of the Industrial Economic Research Center of the China Federation of Industry and Economics, explained that on the one hand, the new infrastructure inherits the function of the traditional infrastructure countercyclical stable growth, and at the same time, the construction of public facilities in the digital economy is included, which has a more significant economic pulling effect. Statistics show that the multiplier effect of high-speed rail construction investment on driving related industries is about 3 times, while the multiplier effect of 5G, artificial intelligence, industrial Internet and other new generation information technologies is about 6 times.
Zhou Zhongfeng said that on the other hand, the new infrastructure is based on the new development concept, and pays more attention to the long-term social effects of structural adjustment, promoting innovation and making up for weaknesses, and once it establishes a first-mover advantage in the new round of global scientific and technological revolution and industrial revolution, it will seize the initiative of future industrial development.
New infrastructure has come, how can we promote its orderly development into the "fast lane"?
-- Explore the value of data and accelerate data sharing.
During the epidemic prevention and control period, the supply of upstream raw materials was "broken", making it difficult for Hikvision, a large enterprise with an annual turnover of 50 billion yuan, to resume production. When the person in charge of the enterprise is at a loss, relying on the power big data widely collected by the energy Internet, the State Grid Hangzhou Power Supply Company applies the "enterprise return to work power Index", carries out the mapping by region and industry, analyzes more than 4 million data per day, accurately locks the "break point" on the industrial chain, smoothly provides accessories for the production of infrared thermometer, and helps enterprises to resume production.
"China is already one of the countries with the most abundant data resources, and data plays a prominent role in improving the production efficiency of various industries." Liu Song, vice president of Alibaba Group, believes that the concept of data as a factor of production should be strengthened to enhance the value of new infrastructure data factors. At the same time, accelerate the open sharing of data, and effectively enable the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry.
-- Effective coordination and interaction to avoid crowding.
"We should speed up the introduction of implementation rules for new infrastructure construction to form a national chess game." Zhou Zhongfeng believes that it is necessary to scientifically plan and classify policies according to different regional development conditions and technological development maturity of different industries, effectively avoid repetitive construction, and the high-end industry low-end development problems caused by too advanced layout in the case of immature industrial technology.
-- Make good demand forecasts and stabilize funding sources.
New infrastructure construction projects generally have the characteristics of long construction period and slow return on investment. Li Yutao, an associate researcher at the Comprehensive Transport Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Macroeconomic Research, believes that if innovative infrastructure emphasizes public welfare, it means that more government intervention is needed, and government investment is the main factor. To this end, we should ensure that the technology is advanced and reliable at the same time, do a good job of market demand forecasting, appropriately ahead of the time but to do according to our ability.
What is "new infrastructure"?
Recently, the National Development and Reform Commission clearly defined the scope of the new infrastructure is guided by the new development concept, driven by technological innovation, based on information networks, for high-quality development needs, to provide digital transformation, intelligent upgrading, integrated innovation and other services of the infrastructure system. Specifically, it includes three aspects: information infrastructure, integration infrastructure and innovation infrastructure.
Compared with traditional infrastructure construction, what is new about the new infrastructure? What should we do to push new infrastructure into the fast track? The reporter interviewed the experts concerned.
● Information infrastructure highlights the "new technology", and 5G construction ranks at the forefront
"The information infrastructure is primarily 'technologically new.'" Feng Yuan, deputy director of the Institute of Industrial Economics of the National Industrial Information Security Development Research Center, said that 5G, Internet of Things, industrial Internet, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, big data are a new generation of information technology, relying on these information technologies to evolve, with social publicity, long-term effect, indirect income infrastructure that is information infrastructure.
Taking 5G network as an example, its transmission rate is 10-100 times that of 4G, which can transmit larger data and connect larger devices at high speed and low delay. As an important engine of the digital economy, it is an important support for the development of new industries such as artificial intelligence, industrial Internet, and online economy.
China's 5G commercial development has accelerated, and more than 200,000 5G base stations have been opened. Li Yizhong, president of the China Federation of Industrial Economics, said that it is necessary to vigorously accelerate the progress this year, and 5G communication and base station construction are in the forefront of the key project plans announced by Shanghai, Guangdong and other provinces and cities in 2020.
It should be noted that with the rapid development of 5G, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and other new generation of information technology, the demand for huge computing power will be further improved, and at present, there are nearly 60,000 data centers including general, regional, industry and enterprises in China, which also need to be properly supplemented and integrated. This also makes the data center an important component of the information infrastructure.
Not long ago, China Mobile Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (Huizhou) data center project officially settled in Huizhou Huidong Mooling Industrial Zone. The project plans to invest 5 billion yuan, covers an area of 200 acres, and will provide 32,000 installed capacity after completion, becoming the highest standard data center in the region. "The completion of this data center will enhance the computing capacity required for 5G development in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, meet the demand for network storage throughput in the 5G era, and help high-tech industries such as artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things," said a person in charge of China Mobile.
● Fusion infrastructure focuses on "application of new", innovation infrastructure emphasizes "basic new"
In Feng Yuan's view, the deep application of technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence to the transformation and upgrading of traditional infrastructure, and then the formation of integrated infrastructure, is mainly reflected in the "application of new".
"The digitalization of traditional industries requires the corresponding infrastructure." Taking the transportation industry as an example, Li Yizhong said that more than 8,000 kilometers of expressways were added last year, and the road conditions, signals, and communications of new highways should have higher technical standards, and it is necessary to introduce intelligent network connectivity functions.
At present, a number of areas in China are building "smart highways", on the one hand, by setting up 5G communication technology equipment to support automatic driving, on the other hand, through the road photovoltaic power generation and wireless charging so that electric vehicles can run while charging, at the same time through the deployment of monitoring systems, highways, Bridges can autonomously sense the operating status, and issue safety warnings.
Similar convergence infrastructure is accelerating. A self-driving taxi service has officially opened to the public in Changsha, Hunan province. Users only need to open Baidu Map to enter the taxi service, and then they can issue an order to call the driverless car and experience the self-driving travel service.
The new travel experience comes from a collaborative intelligent transportation technology transformation. Combining new technologies such as the Internet of Things, 5G and artificial intelligence, the road scene is digitized, and the traffic light countdown and road condition perception results are obtained in real time, making the "smart car" and "intelligent road" organically linked. In addition to Changsha, Baidu is carrying out self-driving manned tests in Beijing, Cangzhou and other places.
If the convergence infrastructure focuses on application, then the innovation infrastructure is reflected in the "basic new".
In Feng Yuan's view, innovation infrastructure mainly refers to the infrastructure that supports scientific research, technological development, and product development with public benefit attributes, and its prominent feature is innovation. "Whether it is major science and technology infrastructure or industrial technology innovation infrastructure, it is more biased towards basic science and technology."
Taking major science and technology infrastructure as an example, the "Brain Cognitive Functional Map and brain-like Intelligence Cross Research Platform Project" jointly constructed by the Institute of Automation and the Institute of Biophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was recently held in Huairou, Beijing. After the platform is completed, it will provide a one-stop research platform covering research, technology, simulation, verification and other links in the intersection of brain science and brain-like intelligence, and provide long-term support for promoting the rapid development of China's artificial intelligence industry.
● New infrastructure radiation drive effect is stronger, need scientific planning, classification policy
If the traditional infrastructure construction based on the construction of railways, roads and Bridges is oriented to the industrial economy era, then the new infrastructure construction with information, integration and innovation as the core content is oriented to the digital economy era.
"Compared with traditional infrastructure construction, new infrastructure construction has stronger incremental space and radiation driving effect." Zhou Zhongfeng, director of the Comprehensive Office of the Industrial Economic Research Center of the China Federation of Industry and Economics, explained that on the one hand, the new infrastructure inherits the function of the traditional infrastructure countercyclical stable growth, and at the same time, the construction of public facilities in the digital economy is included, which has a more significant economic pulling effect. Statistics show that the multiplier effect of high-speed rail construction investment on driving related industries is about 3 times, while the multiplier effect of 5G, artificial intelligence, industrial Internet and other new generation information technologies is about 6 times.
Zhou Zhongfeng said that on the other hand, the new infrastructure is based on the new development concept, and pays more attention to the long-term social effects of structural adjustment, promoting innovation and making up for weaknesses, and once it establishes a first-mover advantage in the new round of global scientific and technological revolution and industrial revolution, it will seize the initiative of future industrial development.
New infrastructure has come, how can we promote its orderly development into the "fast lane"?
-- Explore the value of data and accelerate data sharing.
During the epidemic prevention and control period, the supply of upstream raw materials was "broken", making it difficult for Hikvision, a large enterprise with an annual turnover of 50 billion yuan, to resume production. When the person in charge of the enterprise is at a loss, relying on the power big data widely collected by the energy Internet, the State Grid Hangzhou Power Supply Company applies the "enterprise return to work power Index", carries out the mapping by region and industry, analyzes more than 4 million data per day, accurately locks the "break point" on the industrial chain, smoothly provides accessories for the production of infrared thermometer, and helps enterprises to resume production.
"China is already one of the countries with the most abundant data resources, and data plays a prominent role in improving the production efficiency of various industries." Liu Song, vice president of Alibaba Group, believes that the concept of data as a factor of production should be strengthened to enhance the value of new infrastructure data factors. At the same time, accelerate the open sharing of data, and effectively enable the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry.
-- Effective coordination and interaction to avoid crowding.
"We should speed up the introduction of implementation rules for new infrastructure construction to form a national chess game." Zhou Zhongfeng believes that it is necessary to scientifically plan and classify policies according to different regional development conditions and technological development maturity of different industries, effectively avoid repetitive construction, and the high-end industry low-end development problems caused by too advanced layout in the case of immature industrial technology.
-- Make good demand forecasts and stabilize funding sources.
New infrastructure construction projects generally have the characteristics of long construction period and slow return on investment. Li Yutao, an associate researcher at the Comprehensive Transport Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Macroeconomic Research, believes that if innovative infrastructure emphasizes public welfare, it means that more government intervention is needed, and government investment is the main factor. To this end, we should ensure that the technology is advanced and reliable at the same time, do a good job of market demand forecasting, appropriately ahead of the time but to do according to our ability.
